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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic age-related disease characterized by the progressive destruction of articular cartilage and accompanied by changes to the synovial membrane and subchondral bone, degeneration of ligaments and menisci, and hypertrophy of the joint capsule. Available treatments are targeted at reducing joint inflammation and include intra-articular steroid injections which are often efficacious initially, but do not alter disease progression and eventually do not provide relief. One approach to alter the progression of OA has been intra-articular administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) which secrete anti-inflammatory and regenerative factors that could alter the underlying pathophysiology of OA. However, these cells are required in large numbers and are not long-lasting when freely administered. We have previously shown that alginate encapsulation promotes Mesenchymal Stem Cell (eMSC) anti-inflammatory function. The goal of the proposed project is to investigate the role of eMSC, using an in vitro model of OA, in resolving both OA mediated inflammation and cartilage tissue regeneration. We aim to ascertain whether intra-articular injection of ehMSC or their secreted therapeutic factors can provide sustained reduction of OA mediated joint inflammation and destruction, and promote re-growth and healing. Such experiments could provide a powerful new therapy in an otherwise irreversible progressive disease.
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